Wednesday, April 30, 2008

Susan Watkins -- The Great Offering

In Class Reading #2 (Til We Have Faces)

When it becomes apparent that the only way to appease Ungit’s wrath is to offer up a sacrifice, the King of Glome consults the high priest of Ungit concerning the rites necessary. The priest describes how there must be an “Accursed” in the land, someone who has offended Ungit greatly, and until he or she is sacrificed there will be no peace. The priest goes on to say that the Brute will take the Accursed and lie with him, and that a “devouring” will take place. For, the priest tells him, it is said in the sacred language that to lie with a woman is to be, in a way, devoured.

This depiction of the Holy ties into so many of the things we’ve discussed this semester—it’s amazing how they all come together. I don’t remember where it was, but I remember reading once that ever time we engage in an act which is vital to us, we have the opportunity to draw near to the sacred, because each vital act was a sort of sacred magic which wards off death. As the priest of Ungit speaks, the acts of eating and sex become synonymous and furthermore tie directly into the ultimate experience of the sacred.

I see in my own life that there’s truth in the idea that when you become deeply unified with something or someone, you and they begin to have less and less identity apart from each other. As you digest your food, it ceases to exit outside of your growing muscle and flesh, and as you become deeper and deeper in friendship or love with someone your lives begin to overlap so much as to become closer and closer to one. Is true unity losing your identity in the interest of wrapping it up in something else? When I imagine that, dying and finding not that I continue to exist as an individual but rather that I “meld” into a greater Being, I feel some regret. Is that because it’s good and natural to desire identity, or is that my own selfish pride in imagining that my ‘self’ is important? I’m not sure.


Tasting the World - Robert High

One of my favorite readings that we were assigned in the C.S. Lewis class was the article Myth Became Fact. After C.S. Lewis defends the durability of Christianity compared to abstract and ridiculing thinkers throughout time he begins to break down what Myth is. I especially like it when he starts to tell the difference between tasting an experience and knowning an experience.

How can we explain an experience with being in the middle of that experience? And when we are in the middle of that experience, how can we explain it? For the past couple of years I have been involved with my local church as a youth intern which has been a very big blessing to my life. One of the things that I have discovered in the time that I have been here due to this article is that I rarely taste what I explain to the youth group. It has recently come to my attention that when I begin to find a truth in the Bible or discover wisdom from an older friend that I imediatly put it into a context to how I can share it with another so they can experience it. I rarely put it into context with my own life.

I think that this is where Lewis is going with this article. It isn't always about explaining something to someone, it is showing them the way they can taste it. I think that I can better show the way after I taste it for myself, rather than trying to analyse and explain it without tasting.

I think that there are a lot of other things that people can draw out of this article. I don't want to make it look like this is exactly what Lewis is trying to say. I am just happy that I was able to take this small point out of it for myself.

Sublime - Robert High

When professor Redick was telling his story where he experienced the sublime, it sparked my interest. I began to think of the times in my life where I experienced the sublime. From what I got out of our discussion in class that day I concluded that the sublime occured on those rare occasions where you feel more alive than at other times. In class we related this feeling to exteme fear, when we see our lives at the edge and have a feeling that we are going to die. This occured once in my life when me and my friend decided to venture out on an ice coated river. After we got a good ways out on the ice my friend decided to test the thickness by kicking the ice really hard. After he went through he immediately grabed onto binging me down too. Fortunately I was able to grab onto the ledge of the ice before going to deep and pulled both of us out.

The moment that we went into the freezing cold water it was a sublime experience. I couldn't believe that my friend had kicked the ice to try to get it to crack and he grabbed onto me to take me in with him. I was kind of ticked off, but at the same time trying to get me and my friend out of the water. Even though many people say that they feel the sublime experience through extreme fear, I think it can occur in other times too. One way I think we can experience it is through exteme happiness. Just last night I was watching America's Funniest Videos and it had a clib where they showed about 20 grooms hitting the floor at the pulpit at their wedding.

Puzzle - Robert High

We are all put on this earth to fulfill one of God's many purposes. I don't see myself as being put on this earth as one of the smart ones. I don't believe thought that God requires us to be smart or gifted in order to make an impact on the world. In the book The Last Battle Puzzle is a character that some would argue as not the smartest character. In the beginning of the book he is tricked by his so called ape friend to wear a pelt of a Lion that they found in a river to resemble the return of Aslan.

Throughout the entire book the ape tricks puzzle into convincing a good part of the charcters in the world to believe that Puzzle is Aslan. By hiding puzzle away from the people and only showing him on rare occasions the ape is able to make the other animals and people do whatever he wants because "Aslan" said so.

Some people would question the character of Puzzle in this book. It seems that he is very weak minded and weak will because he allows the ape to trick and convince him to do things so easily. Some people would say that puzzle deserves to be punished for allowing the ape to use him in such a horrible way. I believe however that Puzzle was only a small part of the overal plan that was put in place for Narnia. Even though he was used as a sort of "anti-christ" he was not aware of what he was doing at the time. He did know that he didn't enjoy what the ape was doing to him and eventually he managed to escape and team up with the good guys.

In a way, I saw it as a kind of repentance when Puzzle turned to the good guys for help. He knew that he had been duped by the enemy and was sorry for it. He didn't mean to cause any harm to the other animals or people of Narnia even though harm in happed due to his actions. Sadly, Puzzle needed to do what he did in order to fulfill what was inevitable for Narnia. In relating this to our world, there have been people who were used to bring forth bad things, such as Judas Iscariot in his betrayal of Jesus. I think that since prophecy needed to be fulfilled it was inevitable that someone needed to be chosen to betray Jesus. However, I think that Judas had a choice very similar to Puzzle's choice in the last battle after he betrayed Jesus. Instead of repenting of what he did and returning to the good side as did puzzle, he decided to end his own life.

The Advancement of Puddleglum - Robert High

The Silver Chair was another Narnia book which was jam packed with action and different storylines that spaked the reader's imagination. One thing that really sticks out to me when in comes to the Narnia books is that Lewis seems to develop characters as the story progresses. For example in the Lion the Witch and The Wardrobe Edmund seems to be a very hit and miss character throughout the entire book. One has to read through the book and some of the other books to fully grasp what kind of person Edmund is.

In the book the Silver Chair, Puddleglum is introduced in the fifth chapter. When I first started to read the description of Puddleglum, I was very sceptical as I was with Edmund in the other books. I saw Puddleglum as a coward who was probably going to get the other character into some major trouble some time in the book.

Puddleglum's attitude and remarks were not like any kind of person I know or have ever met. As I kept reading throught he book I started to see the least bit of wisdom start to shine out of Puddleglums grim and boring exterior. Where as I had first thought of Puddleglum as a complete coward and failure as a living being, I started to see why he acted the way he did. Puddleglum always seemed to have a very humble attitude towards everthing and he never looked at anything as good at all. He reminded me of a person who obviously knows something good when he sees it but still calls it bad anyway. I hate it when people do that because it is such a kill joy all of the time.

The best example of wisdom or character that Puddleglum shows in The Silver Chair is in his altercation with the Witch. Near the end of the book when all of the character are put under a spell by the bad witch, Puddleglum begins to argue with her using his peculuar attitude towards everything. He shows a sign of bravery when he sticks his foot in a fire to release him of the spell. When he did this the others were able to recover and destroy the bad witch. If it wasn't for Puddleglums peculuars attitude, I don't think any of the other characters could have stood up to the witch while they were under the spell.

The Voyage of the Dawn Treader - Robert High

I had never read any of the books before attending this class. I was quite alarmed when I realized that I was going to have to write a paper that had to do with creating a story out of the Chronicles of Narnia. I finished all seven books in about a week and a half. This was probably the most amount of reading I had ever done in a week's time for one class. However, there has never been any class reading that I enjoyed more than this one. After finishing all seven books there is no doubt in my mind that The Voyage of the Dawn Treader was my favorite book out of the Narnia series.

All of the Narnia books were exciting and interesting in their own way but Dawn Treader seemed to pack in more of a punch than all of the other books. I liked how in every chapter there seemed to be something new happening. There were so many sub-stories that could have been taken in any direction the readers imagination would take them. I especially enjoyed reading about the lake that turned everything into gold. This book also inspired my paper for the class which focused on only one line out of the entire book. I really think I could have written many other papers on the different happenings on this book.

I am excited to see that they are coming out with a Prince Caspian movie. I see that they are definately not going in the chronological order of the series rather the order in which Lewis finished the books. Even so, I really hope that they make a movie after the Voyage of the Dawn Treader. I am really excited to see Prince Caspian even more so than I would have been if I hadn't read the Chronicles series. I would like to go back and watch the Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe since I have read the book.

The Image that CNU Portrays ~~~ Gina Emerson

What image is CNU betraying?


With the price of gas rising to unbelievably high levels, tuition being increased and state funds being decreased, what type of impression does CNU betray? Professor Redick, myself and another student were having a discussion about this Thursday evening. With new students being strongly encouraged to live on campus it is hard to come up with the funds necessary to cover almost $16,000 for an in-state student and an outrageous $23,000 for an out-of-state student. However, it is worth the struggle to live on such a beautiful campus, right? Well, then we look at the Juniors and Seniors who are trying to figure out if they actually have a room on campus for the upcoming year, and I can not help but wonder with all these beautiful new buildings going up can’t we invest in some more housing for our students?

It is hardly surprising that an increase in tuition and a decrease in funds have resulted in a downward spiral in the numbers of our upcoming freshman class. Perhaps a good approach for CNU to take would be to hold off on some of the ‘beautification’ occurring on campus until there are solutions for our current problem, such as not being able to pay for an education. Sure the student does not have to attend CNU and it is a personal choice; however, how strongly does this image play in on “costs versus affordability”? Numbers speak a thousand words. Although most, if not all the money President Trible has used in his “visions of CNU” have come from outside sources, not too many people know this and it results in a bitter taste in the mouths of the community at large.

Tuesday, April 29, 2008

Perelandra and the Fall of Man ~~~ Gina Emerson

Perelandra and the Fall of Man


Lewis cleverly ends “Out of the Silent Planet” by explaining that Ransom was just having a bad dream. Acquainting himself with this character enabled him to not only be a part of the incredible Perelandra, but actually the interpreter. This story is quite similar to the story of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.

Ransom is sent to Venus (Perelandra) by Oyarsa. Interestingly his journey took place inside a casket. He traveled through the planet naked and eventually encountered a beautiful green woman who he learns is the Queen of Venus. Her innocence and kindness amazes him. Ransom finds out that she and the King are the only humans on the planet. Their floating islands are extremely beautiful and can only be described as a ‘paradise’.

Much to Ransom’s surprise Weston appears on the planet claiming to be a changed man. This was a lie. He eventually begins to take on a presence of the demonic and tries to tempt the green lady into staying the night on the fixed land.

Realizing that the Queen’s innocence was at stake, it was time for Ransom to try to protect her from the evil Weston. This task would prove to be much harder than what he had thought. He decides to attack his opponent only using physical force. The struggle goes on for quite some time, until it seemed that the waters actually became the devil himself and it seemed to swallow and then regurgitate Weston. Although injured he continues to go after Ransom and at last he is killed by Ransom after hitting him with a stone and his body becoming a volcanic flame.

The King and Queen meet with Ransom and Oyeresu of Mars who begin to build their dream world. His mission was now complete and he returns to Earth.

Once again this story appears to be an allegory of the Bible. To prevent the destruction of the innocence of Venus and its inhabitants, Ransom goes to the root of the evil and destroys it so that they can build their utopia.

“I suspect that men have sometimes derived more spiritual sustenance from the myths they did not believe than from the religion they professed.” C.S. Lewis, 'Myth Became Fact'

In The Midst of Tragedy ~~~ Gina Emerson

In The Midst of Tragedy


Hampton Roads was alarmed when a string of tornadoes decided to touch down on our very soils. Usually spared from the actual event of a tornado, some people unexpectedly lost everything in a moments notice.

Almost like a scene from the Wizard of Oz, there was debris flying, houses crumbling to their very foundations, and life’s being forever changed. Channel 13 News kept flashing an image of a mother and father along with child, making their way through the ruins of their home and managing to carry away three suitcases full of their belongings. This was all that remained. However, surely they are thankful that all are safe and they still have their little family together and out of harms way. What are those things that we cherish the most?

Just as Dorothy kept stating “there’s no place like home”, at least 12 or more families will not have the opportunity to be at their homes today or perhaps ever again. Although lives cannot be replaced and people are thankful for their lives, how can you replace the memories of that home? The baby’s first steps, family pictures, things that have been handed down from generation to generation are now gone. Your past is uniquely erased without the opportunity to appreciate what those memories have brought into your lives.

My thoughts and prayers go out to all the families who have been left without their homes, and hope they hold dear to their hearts those memories that have been erased from this destruction.

Monday, April 28, 2008

Brandon Duke "Graduation Announcements"

I am about to sit down and finally do some of these announcements for graduation and to be honest I am only doing it so that I can get some money from these people. Is that bad? I mean what is the purpose of these things anyway. When I see or talk to these people we will talk about how i graduated. and that conversation would happen even if i didn't send them one.

And if i don't see them or talk to them..then why would i be sending this thing anyway. I feel like the only purpose is so that they are like "oh yeah we have to send them money" and if that doesn't happen then i am like 25$ in the red and we will calk it up a lost.

I dont know the whole thing seems kinda stupid.

Brandon Duke "Bruchko"

My girlfriend gave me this book to read last semester and it is awesome. It is about a missionary named Bruce Olson who goes to a remote tribe and shares Christ with them. He has an amazing adventure doing it and almost gets killed a number of times.

Bruce does not do what is the stereotype of missionaries. He does not force american culture or an american Jesus on these people. He instead uses their culture to communicate Jesus and heath issues to them. One of the coolest parts is when he gets out a microscope to show the witch doctor the "evil spirits" that are causing pink eye. Then he gives him the "potion" or medicine that will make them stop dancing.

He does not try to alter their view to one that calls the things germs but instead uses their culture to cure the sickness. He does the same thing with Jesus he uses their stories and culture to show them that Jesus died for them.

One of the best lines in the book is when he says that the tribesmen didn't see Jesus as a blond hair blue eyed man but as one of them.

Brandon Duke-Horse and His Boy

I find the section in "The Horse and His Boy" where Aslan tells Aravis that he was the loin that clawed her back very interesting. I say this because, Aslan tells Aravis he did this so that she could know what the maid went through after she escaped (the maid or whoever it was, was whipped)

This seems to mirror the "eye for a eye" rule found in the old testament. But, Jesus says that we are now under grace and says don't return harm for harm. I go back and forth with this issue a lot, since as a society we need to keep a level of order and this is done with the judicial system where people are punished. And of course there needs to be consequences for actions because people would do whatever they wanted if not.

I know that Lewis claims that he is not writing a one to one story line with the bible but still. I mean i think it was cool that Aslan did what he did because it really showed Aravis how her action effect other people. I am just not sure where i stand on the theology of it.

Brandon Duke - "The magician's Nephew"

I like the part in Magicians nephew where the earthly horse "strawberry" begins to talk. He is a horse from another world and yet because he is in narnia during the creation of it, he receives speech.

I compare this to when Christ says "Behold i make all things new". Strawberry became a new creation, one that could talk and reason and think. He had to think really hard to remember the cabby and his old life because he was new. "The old has gone and the new is come". Yet the fact that he could remember illustrates that he was still in the same body with some of the same ties. His spirit was renewed though.

this is just like what christianity teaches. with the new and old concept. I think the parallel is really interesting.

Brandon Duke-What's next-4/19

So I am sitting here wondering what in the world to do with my life. I mean why did i go to college again? I don't mean that in a cynical way although I do think there is some cynisim there. I mean I feel like everything before was sort of mapped out for me. I went to school then either played or worked in the summer. There is no more script anymore.

I go back and forth with the whole future thing. To be honest i really like the idea of having no ties to anything. So when people ask me what i am doing, i say i don't know because it is the truth. Then, they get this look on their face like i am suppose to have it all planned out. I like that I don't have it all planned out. How boring would that be.

I want to be surprised by life. I don't want to know what I will be doing in a year. I want to figure it out step by step and not have the whole thing handed to me. I think my parents are a little different on that but that is there story...this is mine.

Brandon Duke - Myth and Adventure 4/19

So we have been reading all of these myths and to be honest they just make me want an adventure. Like in space trilogy where it says that he didn't want one. I want one. I want to go on some quest and live on the edge and all that stuff. I just need to know where to sign up so I can be written into a story like the ones that we have been reading.

I don't know what it is about restlessness but it makes you dream and wish and hope. As the college days are coming to a close I find myself daydreaming about traveling and wandering. Not working a 9-5. I wish it were the 60's and 70's and i could thumb a ride a lot easier and crash with a bunch of hippies. If anybody out there wants to bring the spirit back...count me in...just don't expect me to get naked.ha

Brandon Duke "Irresistible Revolution" 4/19

So i have been reading "The Irresistible Revolution" by Shane Claiborne in my free time. It is a book about a "ordinary radical" as he calls himself. He has a heart for the poor and sees the teachings of Jesus as instructions to care for them. So he basically lives with the poor in philidelphia.

He is basically the man and he is challenging me in a lot of different areas. First, his radical take on Christianity is making me look at consumer culture very differently. I am looking at all the "stuff" people have and concluding that I don't really need it or want it.

Also, his heart for the poor is contagious. I mean I feel bad for homeless people and give them food a lot of the time, but this guy lives with them and loves them. Shane says that Jesus did not merry tell us to feed them but to love them. It is so easy to toss money or clothes and piece but it is so much more talk and to listen and cry and laugh. The book is awesome.

Brandon Duke- "objectivity in biblical interpretation" 4/19

So for my senior sem. i have been reading a lot of a book by Thomas Howe called "objectivity in biblical interpretation" holy crap the dude is smart. The book is like 500 pages long but he does such a good job at arguing his point. The books bib is like 50 pages long because he did so much research.

The book is combating the Postmodern notion of nobody being able to objectively interpret. I really like Howe's argument. He says that there are "transcendental pressuposions" that allow humans to objectively critique a text. What he means by TP is a laws of logic that are supreme to all world views, such as the law of non-contradiction.

I think this is awesome because it grounds interpretation to something. However, i think that TP might not provide a firm enough base for complex interpretations. Meaning there might be different interpretations all which match up to TP equally. I dont know though...i have to finish the book to really decide what i think. But the guy is amazing.

Brandon Duke "Are you serious?"4/19

So i have like one of the most heartbreaking experiences the other day. Basically, i won't go into all the detail, but a guy that i used to run into a lot at CNU who worked for the school i saw when me and a friend went to hang out with some homeless people. He has been on the street since Jan. I knew that he got fired but i didnt know that it effected him that much.

It just showed me how close some people are to being homeless. For some people it is not that they are addicted to this and that drug it is that they are one paycheck away from not getting the bills in.

I dont know this guys whole situation but it freaking sucks. I had to do a double take to make sure that it was him. It is like when you see someone you know but it is in the wrong context. Freaking crap man.

Brandon Duke- "Gates of Fire" 4/19

I read this book in the fall or maybe over the summer and it is sick! A friend told me I had to read it and he was right. It is about the battle of Thermopylae or most widely know as the 300 movie battle. So let me start by saying that, that movie was totally off. Of course it was not only 300 people killing like 50,000 other solders a piece. But yall already knew that.

Anyway this book tells the story from the perspective of an injured squire, who survives the battle. It is written beautifully. The squire gets captured and basically tells the story to his guards and the scribe for the king, who want to hear the story.

It is cool how the author knows the power of myth and story and writes it into the book. What ends up happening is that the story actually ends up saving the like of the scribe when he can connect with spartans who are about to kill him.

it is a sick book!

Brandon Duke-"surfing" 4/19

I went surfing thursday and friday and it was a blast. It was great because a lot of the time in the fall i had to go by myself but on both days i went with some friends and it makes it so much better. We all got to hoot and hollar when someone caught a good wave, even at people we didnt know.

It makes the wave and experience so much better when you know that your friend saw it because it is like you can share the experience with them and both talk about it. When you are surfing by your self you look way stupider screaming after a sick wave than you do if 4 of you are scream together. It frees you up to be dumber if you have people with you being dumb to.

Plus when you are loose like that you watch the water better. You can surf angry. it just doesn't work. I surf my best when i am laughing and having fun. Then when i wipe out like crazy it is funny and doesnt hurt as bad.

Fun fun fun

Brandon Duke - "Death of Truth" 4/19

This was the book that got me interested in writing my senior sem. It looks at how postmodern thinking has influenced our society. To be honest it is crazy. For instance in the medical field, postmodern thought has cast doubt on proven treatments and states that they are no better than alternative ones.

The author sights an example of a woman with stomach pain who calls a doctor and the nurse tells her that it is emotional and that she should get in touch with herself and figure out why she is stressed. She calls another doctor and they do a emergency removal of a growth that was about to burst in her ovary. If it had done so she would have died.

all this is because it is wrong to say this is right and that is wrong due to postmodernism. That is sooooo stupid. Science is not God and it is wrong sometimes...but it has saved lives. There are "right" answers and "wrong" answers..that is just how it is.

Dwarf - Robert High

Throughout the Chronicle of Narnia, Dwarfs act as a type of character which can either be good or bad. This is because we see in the beginning of the series that the White Witch has dwarves as her slaves and they listen to her. So in the beginning dwarves are seen as bad guys. But then in the book Prince Caspian we see Dwarves who help the good guys also.

At one point in the book Prince Caspian, Caspian asks a Dwarf called Nikabrik if he believes in Aslan. Nikabrik then responds that he will believe in anyone or anything that will help him destroy his enemies, even if it means believing the White Witch can help them. Even though there are obviously some very good Dwarves who help the people of Narnia, there are also some very bad Dwarves who try to bring down the world of Narnia.

I see the Dwarfs as a kind of race which is different from all of the other races. Dwarves can't be defined as good or bad in any of the books of Narnia. I think that the dwarves are to be understood as those who try to further their own people no matter what it takes. The dwarves seem to always be the tag-along characters which don't ever have a story to themselves. Even in the Lord of the Rings triliogy the dwarves are seen as greedy creatures who only care for themselves.

One time, I would like to see a story written about a dwarf which explains what dwarves are all about. I think that dwarves are often misrepresented in stories such as the Chronicles of Narnia because they don't have a voice of their own. All they seem to do is go along with whatever is happening. They choose sides where they wish even though it may be against one another.

The King's Wisdom- Robert High

"And that's truer than thy brother knows, Cor," said Kings Lune. "For this is what it means to be a king: to be first in every desperate attack and last in every desperate retreat, and when there's hunger in the land (as must be now and then in bad years) to wear finer clothes and laugh louder over a scantier meal than any man in your land."

One way to be an effective leader is to put yourself below those who follow you. It would be hard to imagine one of our presidents being the first one to enter the battlefields and the last one to leave. Would this change their mind in entering wars themselves. There is no doubt that it looks really good to put on your resume that you served in the armed forces if you are going to run for president. But now of day's, our political leaders are so far from the battlefields that it would be the nations priority to allow them to be the last on the battlefield and first out of the danger zones.

I don't think that this is the presidents fault that it would be seeminly impossible for him to accomplish the tasks mentioned in King Lune's advise he gave to his son. This is because our society is so fragile, we would crack at even the idea of something bad happening to one of our political leaders in a war. In the good 'ol days though, it was the leaders who were the baddest dudes of them all. How cool would it be to have a president who would march out onto the battlefield with an M16 in hand ready to fight some terrorists!

When is he arriving? - Robert High

I used to always love the feeling of waiting for a relative to visit my home. It was so nice to wait and wait and wait, and then upon arrival I would get to see them for the first time all year. Since most of my relatives live within a 10 mile radius of one another, it was usually my family who would go to see them rather than them come and see us, and since they all lived in Ohio, I would only get to see them rarely. So, on the off chance that one of them would come down to Virginia to visit us, the excitement of waiting for them to arrive would always keep me occupied.

One of the things that captivated me while reading the Chronicles of Narnia was that in every single book, when it came to Aslan, I recieved a very similar feeling of waiting like when I was young. The presence of Aslan in every book of the Chornicle's series is always new and exciting. In most cases when he opens his mouth to speak all of the other things in the story seem to come to a halt bringing the reader so focused in on what he is going to say that they may as well have forgotten the last thirty pages they had read before.

But even before He arrives, there is still an exciting feeling of waiting for his arrival. This is especially the case when Lewis gives clues to the reader that he may be coming. In The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe, when the children are visiting with Mr. and Mrs. Beaver, the atmosphere is surrounded with ideas of prophecy and hope. The beavers obviously know that the children represent a sign that Aslan will be coming to set things right with Narnia and the White Witch but the children have no idea. I liked how the story depicted the undertoned excitement within the Beaver's behavior. It was obvious they were feeling the same feeling I would feel upon hearing that one of my loved relatives was coming to down in a couple of days.

The children in the story at this point had no idea what the Beavers were talking about. But it is obvious that as the story and books progress, the children would soon get the same feeling every time they heard that Aslan was coming soon.

The Wood Between the Worlds

Robert High

In the Chronicles of Narnia all seven books were written in a sequence which completed a full storyline. After completeing the entire series one of the things that stuck out to me was how well each and every book tied into one another. I really liked how in the Magician's Nephiew, Lewis introduces Dirgory and Polly who form the groundings for the rest of the major characters in the series. All throughout the rest of the books new characters are introduced at different places and times throughout the world of Narnia and beyond.

Most readers know that these books were not written in the sequence of the story line. And, if someone has read all of the books, they know that not all of the characters are necisarily related to one another. Even though the books were written at different times Lewis doesn't falter in bringing the story together very smoothly. This is seen best in the end part of the last book where just about every single character from the entire Chronicle's series is re-united.

There is one thing however that I wish Lewis would have touched on a little deeper throughout the series. In the book, The Magician's Nephiew when Digory and Polly are about to discover the world of Narnia for the first time, they find themselves in a kind of inbetween world. This world is desribed as woods, where the characters are surrounded by trees and every problem and worry that comes with all of the other worlds, seems to vanish away. The characters arrive at the trees when they are transported out of their world using the rings that Digroy's uncle made. In the woods their are puddles of water which supposadely represent portals to other worlds. Digory and Polly discover Narnia because they jump into one of the puddles. The book mentions that their are many puddles that they could have chosen but it never talks about them further than that.

The reason I bring this Wood Between the Worlds subject up is because all throughout the series when the other characters are being transported from their world to Narnia, the woods aren't mentioned. I don't know why Lewis would create such a great setting and piece of the story without going into more detail about it later in the series. Even in the end of the series when Narnia is coming to an end, they Wood Between the Worlds is never mentioned at all.

I have come to the conclusion that Lewis probably had his own reasoning for creating this place and not putting a lot of further emphasis upon it in the other books. One reason could have been that he was leaving more room to create new stories through other puddles or "worlds" later on in his life. Maybe Lewis allowed their to be many ways to transport from one world to another without the woods. There is evidence in the other books of this happening, like in Prince Caspian when the kids are transported to Narnia from the train station, or in Dawn Treader where the kids are transported through the painting.

If it were up to me to include the woods in the books, I would allow them to appear as often as possible. I think that the woods opened up a brand new idea of creation and new beginnings that the other books left behind. Ultimately, the woods could ahve been an endless plethera of new worlds that lead into new and exciting stories far beyond Narnia.

Sunday, April 27, 2008

Greetings from Beyond Left Field - Mike Zang

I guess I'm feeling my self (?)
Well, of course...I always feel like my self; I mean
How? can I not; because your "you" interchangeable as halloween masks,
yet something intangible remains.

It remains forever. It is pure. It is the sensation of flushing a toilet bowl
nine hundred times over and over and around, around with each successive cirlce
clensing; immaculate conception!
of thought

A moon rock - sea glass/driftwood; it's been said before
(that of which is completely clean)ing ceases
and so, I await the day when the flushy in the head and soul
(but never stomach)
while the flush of the universe continues on
and on and on and on and on and on and on and on.

It is THAT moment, inner stillness, at ONE
with many things still dynamically swinging like
trapeze monkeys tossing empty banana skins through
the air, taunting the crowd, jaunty and loud.
So obnoxiously loud yet at the same time the commotion
becomes so acquianted
really nothing is wrong
and so really, nothing's wrong.

The Fate of Orual - Gina Emerson

On this day you, Orual, bring before the god’s a complaint that you have been wrongly accused of such human emotions as jealousy and hate. I, Athades, sit here not only to acknowledge your complaint but to also pass judgment, if judgment be called, on such actions you have brought forward that are deemed wrong or unjust by our gods.

It has been my duty to follow you and witness not only your strengths but also your weaknesses. It is with the wisdom of the great Athena and the persistence and determination of the great Hades that I have strived to determine your fate in a non-bias manner. It is with a heavy heart that I report that your weaknesses far outweigh your strengths.

Just as a hero once lay within the heart of the great Bellerophon, so does the punishment that comes with excessive hubris. Because he conquered the ferocious monster Chimera he felt great worthiness of worship and greatness. However, this did not entitle him to enter the realm that is intended for the gods. Great deeds are rewarded greatly; however, these deeds do not entitle you to enter into the realm of the gods. In the end this leads a person to a life of emptiness and loneliness, haunted by that which could have been.

A life full of envy is no more than a life full of hate and this hate ––– your hate ––– is towards yourself. Jealousy towards those who love that which you love is in truth the worst form of hubris there is. It is placing your worth and emotions above those of others and this can not be. If your love is more worthy than others, then should you not love yourself and then be deserving?

Just as my mother Athena witnessed a hero in Bellerophon, she also witnessed his decline. Orual, this is what I have witnessed with you. You attempted to turn gods on gods and ruined your sisters’ life because you are full of envy, hate, and jealousy. For your crimes you are found guilty. Your sentence has been determined and agreed upon by all of the gods. Your sentence is the one thing you fear the most; the truth. You will remain alone for the remainder of your years to face the person you hate and fear the most; yourself.

Perelandra - Experiencing You Can Walk Alone

Gina Emerson
PERELANDRA ~ EXPERIENCING YOU CAN WALK ALONE


Life can be challenging and often times leaves us with such an extreme feeling of emptiness that we need the strength from others to pull through. What is so genius in not only Lewis’s ability to make a person look beyond their own imagination and see the truth, is his ability to make people see their true potential as an individual.

Perelandra was written at a time when women had a specific role in life to play. They were the ‘happy housewife’s’ with their importance focused more towards cleaning, preparing meals and tending to their children. Although these tasks were not at all simple, women were placed in this category of the weaker sex and often times held the belief that without their spouse they would truly be lost.

What I find so truly amazing about this book is a few sentences reflecting a green lady’s realization that she has the ability to walk alone and there is no one who carries her because they are not needed.

“I thought that I was carried in the will of Him I love, but now I see that I walk with it…It is a delight with terror in it! One’s own self to be walking from one good to another, walking beside Him as Himself may walk, not even holding hands!” Perelandra, page 60

I have met many people in my life that truly do not know what to do without a spouse or mate. What a sad existence to live your life with your happiness based solely on being with someone else and not realizing your own potential.

“The world is so much larger than I thought. I thought we went along paths ––– but it seems there are no paths. The going itself is the path.” Perelandra, page 60

Until a person realizes their own path, they cannot rely on others to lead them to it.

Saturday, April 26, 2008

Susan Watkins -- Modern Idolatry

(Out of Class Reading #1)

Over this semester I've been gradually working my way through Owen Barfield's Saving The Appearances, a book which discusses the nature of symbology and its appearances in our everyday lives. I was really interested to read about his opinions on science in the book's 8th chapter, "Technology and Truth," and the chapter after that, "An Evolution of Idols," partially because it discussed a thought I have wrestled with since high school.

Barfield points out that in ancient times, the sciences maintained the viewpoint that what they worked with was totally hypothesis-- theories which strived to "save the appearances" of the universe by offering possible explanations for various phenomena but which did not presume to actually represent reality. Thus it turns out that pre-Copernican times, it was not only normal but perfectly rational for several theories about natural phenomena to coexist without any disputation about their actual reality. They were useful for human understanding and thus valuable, even if they were not "actually correct." Take for example, the common representation of the atom today-- with a nucleus and several electrons drawn in ellipses around it. Scientists are almost certain that this is not actually what an atom looks like, but it is a useful model for understanding and so we keep it. This is a modern example, but that type of thinking was the norm in ancient societies about nearly all scientific theory. The shift began when Galileo and others discovered that the sun-centered theory of the galaxy might not be only a useful hypothesis, but an actuality-- and so the shift in scientific thought began away from theoretical models to the search for "reality."

Anyway. That explanation was necessary background but not actually what I wanted to discuss. My interest lies in a point that Barfield makes that while modern science in theory still claims to acknowledge its own limitations, there is a frightening and simultaneous trend of it being treated in practice as concrete fact when that point of view is just simply not valid. A great example lies in Darwin's Theory of Evolution-- a theory which is certainly useful for "saving the appearances" of the universe and offering a possible understanding of the history of life, but when it comes right down to it has absolutely no grounds to claim that it is without a doubt REALITY. And yet, many men and women on the street would tell you that it is unmistakeably fact, because they have been taught thus. Whether you agree with Darwinism in particular or not is not the main issue-- but rather that this trend of treating scientific theory as fact is growing fast and has actually become accepted, even as scientists maintain that they are intellectually honest.

It is not possible to seek academic integrity about the limitations of science while also trying to maintain that we know more about the universe than we do. We are quite bluntly lying to ourselves, and yet this doesn't seem to bother us.

Susan Watkins -- Symbology of Music

(Topic of Choice #1)

I am really interested in exploring the concept of music as symbol, because it is one of the things least conducive to being analyzed and yet one of the most powerful mediums for sacred revelation that I've ever encountered.

Most symbols that I consider can be rendered down into description by language. Clearly, the written word is dependent on the symbology of words and those concepts related to words-- very clearly defined objects, places, animals, people, or qualities. When I say "love" or "tree" or "cold" or "valley," very very specific information is conveyed to the reader. When this information is strung together in spoken or written word, we sometimes accomplish the creation of "myth" and through that the conveyance of the sacred. Visual art, as well, can usually be translated into language-based interpretations-- identifying recognizable symbols, colors, or effects which, when strung together, create myth and communicate the sacred, etc. etc. We can break these art forms down into their elements, and thus analyze them.

Music, though, is a whole different animal. (For the sake of this discussion, I'll refer only to pieces composed without lyrics.) Music cannot be broken down into smaller elements-- at least, not into smaller elements that would appear anywhere outside of music itself. Words all represent concepts that exist outside of the medium of language ("death," "sweet," "high") and art uses forms that also exist outside of art ("mountain," "people," "animals"), but the only elements you can break music down into are elements which exist only inside of music-- chords, notes, melodies, harmonies. You can't point at a bar of music and say "Oh, there's a dog." It might remind you of a dog, but it is not comprised of that symbol.

So why is it that, while linguistic and visual arts can and do convey the sacred, some of our most powerful pangs of longing or joy originate not through these clear symbols but through the abstract and purely subjective form of music?? I have read many a beautiful passage of literature and seen many a painting that have moved me and spoken to me about the sacred, but I have wept tears more bitter and held my breath in joy much longer for one of Beethoven's symphonies or Rachmaninov's piano concertos. Even if you disagree that music is "more" powerful than other art forms, it still begs the question: how is it that such a seemingly undefined medium (in terms of identifiable symbols and elements) can communicate the same as that incredibly powerful tool of language which our lives are based around???

Susan Watkins -- Falling Away

In Class Reading #1 (Chronicles)

Warning... spoilers for the last book in the Chronicles of Narnia!!!!! :)






When I first read the Chronicles, I always thought it was really cool that there was a character named Susan. I really felt a connection with her-- not only is she described as having brown hair like me, but her personality was always that level-headed, serious, caretaker type that I saw in myself. I loved how she was "Queen Susan the Gentle," and even though she wasn't as loveable as Lucy I felt at peace with it.

So, can I just say that I am WAY BITTER about how she is the ONLY one out of ALL of the books to turn away from belief in Aslan?!?!?!??!?!?!?!?!?!?!?!?!?!?

Way bitter. You have no idea.

But anyway, when I get over my irritation I have to laugh because Lewis makes such an amazing point through her behavior. I got to understand this a lot better especially after re-reading the series knowing how it ended, so I was able to pick up on more of her underlying motivations and ideas. It's really subtle at first, but after a while you realize that Susan's good qualities of being level-headed and caring quickly begin to be tainted by the bad quality of wishing she were something she weren't. She begins to seek more and more after being "adult," both in her own behavior and in how she treats her brothers and sisters. This desire to be "adult" is not to be mistaken with the better quality of seeking maturity; while maturity is in many ways synonymous with wisdom, Susan more desires the status and respect which comes from being an adult. Any time we desire status, we begin to slide into sin and disaster.

I'm not sure where he says it-- whether it's in the Chronicles or some other writing of his-- but to paraphrase, Lewis at one point says that "It's the stupidest of children who seem most childish and the stupidest of adults who seem most adult... when we really begin to behave properly we find that age becomes harder and harder to distinguish." I think this is so, so true, and it's funny how in a lot of ways Susan's lifestyle reflects what mine used to be (and still is sometimes, when I'm not careful). I have definitely been "that kid" who wants so badly to be grown-up, to be mature and wise and the one that everyone respects. Invariably, when I was most like this I was the most alone and the most depressed... because when we desire to be something or somewhere other than we are, we miss all the beauty that is around us.

I'm thrilled to say that I am gradually learning to live where I am-- something that my literary counterpart didn't seem to get the hang of in the end. I hope my story has a happier ending than hers, and by the looks of it I'm at least heading in the right direction.

Thursday, April 24, 2008

Robert High

Symbols

Last class period while professor Lewis was discussing the origination of science fiction there arose a statement about symbols that I would like to expound upon. The idea was that humans are able to dominate animals because of our use of symbols. The example to clarify this statement that was used in class was the example of a wasp which paralyzes its prey, then takes it to a hole. The wasp doesn't take the wasp into the hole at first, but sets the insect to the side and goes in to check the hole before coming out again and taking the insect back into the hole. In an experiment, a scientist created the same environment for the wasp but simply moved the insect when the wasp came out of the hole. Instead of finding the insect and simply taking it to the now "safe hole" the wasp would find the insect and repeat the process. The scientist would repeat the process until the wasp ultimately died.

Being a communication major it is a part of my major to study the different symbols humans create. I am currently writing a research paper on the rhetoric of feminism where the feminists claim that their main use of rhetoric is to use symbols of communication to their advantage. Women have been associated with a male dominated speech community and the feminists that I am mentioning plead with women not to give into male dominated speech which discriminates against women. One way a women can do this is to not be unfairly labeled by society as a miss, or mrs. which separates her marital status. This is because men only have the mr. prefix which stands for every status known to them. This symbol shows the dominance of males over females in the English language.


There is no doubt that human beings are able to use symbols as a way of separating themselves from the rest of nature. Symbols are so important when it comes to communication, they often separate humans from other humans. This example of male dominated language shows how the patriarchal society has been able to influence a dominance based on the use of verbal symbols.

Monday, April 21, 2008

Out of The Silent Planet

Gina Emerson

Out of The Silent Planet

Just as Lewis reflects on much of his own childhood in “The Chronicles,” he also shows some similarities of his own life as a young adult in “Out of The Silent Planet”. Ransom is a great philologist with no wife or kids and enjoys much of his time conversing with his colleagues in a University setting. This led to good reason for Winston and Devine to choose him for their needs, who would miss him? Or how many days or weeks before his colleagues would realize he was gone? This appears oddly similar to Lewis’s life.

When Ransom was certain that his flight in the space ship would be full of nothing but fear he was quite amazed that his journey was quite the opposite. For at one side of the ship there was unending sunlight and just a turn of the handle and there was complete darkness. What this introduced to Ransom was an appreciation for that which they both represented, a different perspective from what he usually felt on earth. It was a feeling of not appreciating the utility of the extremes until forced to have them side by side. Darkness represents a time for rest and the light indicated a time for work; however, on earth this darkness can be associated with the fear of the unknown, what lurks in this darkness? The light often times is associated with the hustle and bustle connected with the stresses of this work.

I feel that much of Lewis’s work reflects the loneliness and emptiness he experienced in his own life. He often approached life with open eyes and a closed heart, much like he did when he met Joy. He was too scared to not only love but to also live. Denying feelings he never felt he could experience and not realizing that he could until it was almost too late. Joy brought about emotions within Lewis that he had been holding back since his youth.

Through his words he shares his life, pain, and Joy. Much of what these words say to me is that you never know what you have until it is gone. Knowing what is real in regards to emotions is letting go of those feelings which blind you to life and love.

Tuesday, April 8, 2008

Stephen Brock - Founding of Narnia

In 'The Magicians Nephew', I very much enjoy the way that Lewis worked in the creation of Narnia. It was sung into being - and this note Sung by the Lion is the origin of the whole of Narnia. This notion of song, or sound itself is very common to many creation myths.

Most commonly known would likely be the story of Genesis where God spoke the world into being (i.e. Let there be light ). Another, possibly more complementary, similarity to Aslans' singing Narnia into being is shifting towards Hinduism "OM". 'OM' is considered the vibration of the universe and highly regarded as a sacred mantra/chant to virtually all Hindu's and some Buddhists.

OM is believed to be the basic sound of the world and to contain all other sounds. It is a mantra or prayer in itself. If repeated with the correct intonation, it can resonate throughout the body so that the sound penetrates to the centre of one's being, the atman or soul.

Going back to Narnia, this vibratory note seems very similar to Aslan singing, as in the Magicians Nephew it mentions how the ground, and the very air itself were vibrating with this resonance. I also think it interesting how each individual received this 'note' reflexively, that is everyone had different reactions to it. The cab-man enjoyed the 'moosic', while the children were rather shocked and practically dumb-founded and jaw-dropped by it. The most interesting is that the Witch Jadis couldn't stand to hear/feel it. The most obvious observation to this would say that Aslans' pure or good magic surpassed Jadis' evil or dark-aligned magic. Looking at this in the light of the Sanskrit "OM", another possibility comes to my mind, the Witch was caused to reflect on her own life and deeds. Aslans' Narnian-ic OM caused the Witch to pierce her own being or soul, and her life-time of repressed and regrettable actions that she didn't care to recall... This in my opinion is why Jadis could have been so angered by the Lion from the get-go.

Mike Zang - Archaic Views of Death

There's really no way for modern humans to truly understand how tribal societies perceived death, but many practices and cultural attitudes that we've reconstructed through archaeology and other studies of the past lend themselves for clarification.

As far as my own interpretation takes me, C.S. Lewis posits that the hrossa conception of death is equivalent to that of the indigenous outlook here on earth. During the conversation between Ransom and Augray, we see the discrepancies arise between the hrossa and sorn views on death. The hrossa

"They are right not to fear it, Ran-soom, but they do not seem to look at it reasonably as part of the very nature of our bodies -- and therefore often avoidable at times when they would never see how to avoid it." (Augray speaking of hrossa)

That's interesting because in my anthropology health and healing class we are discussing an analogous topic: female genital mutilation. The majority of people in America would probably and automatically regard this practice with scorn and disgust and deem it unrational, unpractical, and useless. However, the natives perceive FGM as an integral component to the structure of their localized societies. Without FGM, a women cannot maintain her cleanliness, is open to evil spirit possession, and thus has less of a chance to marry. Despite the potential risk factor of unsanitary methods in which the Sudan carry out this practice, infibulation (FGM) serves a very sacred and significant purpose. Nevertheless, during the late 19th and throughout all of the 20th century, British officials occupying Sudan mobilized direct and indirect crusades against this cultural tradition on the grounds that it was unethical, unsanitary, and savage. Essentially, Western colonizers sought to modernize an indigenous culture, or whitewash them with the intention of making Sudan more Westernized; this was for the ultimate purpose of improving the reproductive success of Sudanese women to cultivate a larger work force.

In relation to the hrossa views on death, which I see as nearly equal, the Sudanese perhaps put their daughters at a high risk of particular secondary effects including hemorrage, blood loss, infection, etc. and made childbirth more excruciating, but despite any of that, they saw their tradition as sacred towards life. To them, their practices maintained integrity. If death were to come to a young girl, then it was an exotic spirit or foreign malady, not their own doing. And frankly, I find this a much better way to perceive death.

Similarly, the Aztecs sacrificed 20,000 people on feast days as an offering to the gods in order to keep the universe in balance. Westerners might associate this practice with barbarism, savagery, unethicality, but truly they WERE maintaining the balance of the universe. As we can see quite clearly today, we have too many people and are constantly devising better, more efficient ways to preserve life, extend life, and bring more life to planet earth. Life is definitely a good thing, but too much of a good thing oftentimes ends in rot.

Monday, April 7, 2008

Mike Zang - Hrossa Nostalgia

Tearing through the first dozen chapters in Out of the Silent Planet, I was delightfully enthralled by the plot and it's substance. C.S. Lewis helps us view our own culture from a refreshingly alien perspective. Chapter 12 is the first extended dialogue between Ransom and one of the hrossa, Hyoi, in which they discuss the emotionality, pleasure, and pain of events. This includes memories of the events as well. Their conversation soon become personally applicable; I realized that my own opinions of nostalgia were intimately connected with Ransom's, and the hrossa culture (although definitely familar) was a longshot away from where I would like my own values to sit.

That said, Hyoi's revelation about a pleasureful event needing to take place just once, and it's memory to be a literal extension of itself reminding me immediately of C.S. Lewis's statement from In the Shadowlands [sic?].

"A pleasure is full grown only when it is remembered. You are speaking, Hman, as if pleasure were one thing an memory were another. It is all one thing."

This quote from page 73 not only reveals a quixotic aspect of the conscious capability of memory, but it also refutes the Cartesian dualism in which much of Western culture rests upon. From an American standpoint, physical pleasure is far different from the later mental/emotional/spiritual recollection of that event; thus we dichotomize the physical from the emphemeral, but from the hrossa point of view, the two are indistinguishable. The memory of a previous pleasure follows us throughout life for an indefinite amount of time. When I think of things like that, it makes me not feel so bad about reminiscing and knowing that all that has happened to me in the past, whether good or bad, will never leave me. In that case, do the hrossa even experience nostalgia? It seems as though they would live not just in the present, but in any or perhaps all accumulated emotional states they could conceivably reflect back on.

Wednesday, April 2, 2008

Calormen Poetry - By Kevin Crowley

Whether you think C.S. Lewis is a racist and xenophobe of Arabic culture after reading the Narnia series or not, it becomes evidentially clear after reading the Horse and His Boy that C.S. Lewis does have something against a particular kind of wisdom. This wisdom is expressed in the form of Calormen poetry throughout the book, and isn’t endemic to Arabic culture. I thought it would be fun to look at the poetry and wisdom that C.S. Lewis puts down and see what we can make of this.

“Natural affection is stronger than soup and offspring more precious than carbuncles”

“He who attempts to deceive the judicious is already baring his own back for the scourge”

“Swords can be kept off with shields:but the Eye of Wisdom pierces through every defence.”

“Deep draughts from the fountain of reason are desirable:in order to extinguish the fire of youthful love.”

Taken from the encyclopedia AllExperts.com, “The poetry of Calormen is prolix, sententious, and moralizing, "full of choice apothegms and useful maxims".” I think that definition of Calormen poetry is the best I have yet seen, and shows what C.S.Lewis has against this kind of wisdom. In a world where analogies and poetry can be used in defense of any morality using language in any variety of ways, true meaning becomes lost.

But I would go on to say that there is nothing wrong with these kinds of apothegms, epigrams, and sayings, or any that we use ourselves like “Haste makes waste”, “Don’t count your chickens before they hatch,” , “Don’t burn any bridges”, etc. These terse sayings give a liveliness to language, much how metaphors, similes, proverbs, and parables do. This creative and artistic use of language should not be looked down upon, but perhaps I would agree with C.S.Lewis that they cannot lead you to any absolute morality or truth. This is shown when Shasta’s adopted father Arsheesh and the Tarkaan bounce back and forth their poetry to make their points.

On the flip side, C.S. Lewis predictably venerates Narnian poetry, while not creating any that we can actually look at, he gives a description in the end of The Horse and His Boy about Narnian poetry being about war and love, which Shasta (now Cor) and Aravis thought to be much more exciting than the useful maxims of Calormen poetry, which they were raised on. While poetry about war and love may be just as good, I think they too can become trite (much like how nearly every song on today’s radio is about love and heartbreak.) And I think poetries about war and love can just as well be misused to justify any set of moralities.

In conclusion, Calormen styled poetry and Narnian style poetry both has their place.

Puddleglum's defense - by Kevin Crowley

The Silver Chair’s climax is at the point when the children, Prince Rilian, and Puddleglum face off against the evil Witch who uses her magic to enchant her foes into sleeping. Puddleglum saves the day as he puts his foot into the fire and dispels her evil enchantment from the others. His action is backed up by his reason, in which he famously says to the Witch, “…We’re just babies making up a game, if you’re right. But four babies playing a game can make a play-world which licks your real world hollow. That’s why I am going to stand by the play-world. I’m on Aslan’s side even if there isn’t any Aslan to lead it. I’m going to live as like Narnian as I can even if there isn’t any Narnia.” This miraculous defense of belief struck me in my heart, and that is when the Silver Chair became my favorite book of the Narnia series.

It was a clever and very imaginative approach by Clive to come up with this scenario to relay a commonly held defense for Christianity. The defense being, “I’d rather be wrong and dead, then right and in hell”. But Puddleglum’s reason goes beyond the mere fear factor that Christianity’s hell damnation principle is infamously known for. He seems to find the world of Narnia, whether it exists or not, a far better one than the underground he found himself then to be in. Seeing how Puddleglum could not prove to the Witch that Aslan and the outside world actually existed, he was forced to give up on any logical argument of their existence, and instead through his unwavering belief in it, whether actually right or wrong, it became true…at least to him. Through his action of belief, the reality of Narnia became real.

Say Puddleglum, after the Witch’s defeat, and the others were never able to leave the underworld for some reason…Could they have transformed the underworld subjectively into another Narnia?

In meditation to the climax of the Silver Chair, I am awe-struck at the creative capacities of the human mind and how it shapes our lives, outlooks, and beliefs.

I also found it ironic how the most negative of the bunch had the most faith. Is Clive trying to saying that there is a necessary pessimism in life that comes steadfastness? I am curious to know what people think of this.

Tuesday, April 1, 2008

Closing notes on the Chronicles ~~ Gina Emerson

April 1, 2008


Closing Thoughts on the Chronicles


What is it that draws children into “Narnia”? The great adventures they are able to experience are a reflection of a brilliant mind. A man who is able to live the childhood he never was able to experience firsthand, by making these dreams come alive through his words.
It is amazing to look at C.S. Lewis’s early childhood and find some similarities between his actual world and that which he had created within Narnia. When Lewis was seven his family moved to a very large house where he and his brother would often create imaginary worlds while investigating their home. Much like the characters of Caspian and Rilian, Lewis lost his mother at the age of 10 and found it very difficult to forgive her for abandoning him. Like the characters of Edmund, Jill and Eustace, he also spent much time in boarding schools. As a young boy, similar to Caspian, he also had a tutor who brought hope into his gloomy life. In addition, many children were evacuated from London because of air raids during World War II and would stay with Lewis, including a little girl named Lucy. A little bit of truth mixed with a whole lot of imagination and you have shear brilliance.
The imagination is a wonderful tool. It can bring you to places you have never been, create people you will never meet, help you escape from a world of hurt and injustices; however, reality brings you back to the same situation you left. Perhaps Lewis enjoyed writing such stories because he could no longer hold onto the hurt he felt so deep inside and his writing helped release the pain. Whatever his reasons, he has brought much pleasure to both children and adults alike in his collection of adventures through Narnia.